You are about to take the CME Quiz for Non-Immune Hydrops.

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Non-Immune Hydrops


1. The definition on non-immune hydrops includes all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Ascites

b. Pleural effusion

c. Cardiomegaly

d. Pericardial effusion

e. Anasarca

2. In a high-risk maternal-fetal medicine practice the prevalence of non-immune hydrops may be as high as:

a. 1/6,000 pregnancies

b. 1/4,000 pregnancies

c. 1/2,500 pregnancies

d. 1/1,500 pregnancies

e. 1/250 pregnancies

3. Etiologies for non-immune hydrops include:

   1. Cardiac failure due to congential heart disease
   2. Increased cardiac output
   3. Impaired venous return
   4. Increased capillary permeability
   5. Obstruction to normal lymphatic flow

a. 1, 2, 4

b. 2, 3, 5

c. 1, 2, 4, 5

d. All of the above

4. The 6 most common etiologies for non-immune hydrops include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Chromosomal abnormalities

b. Cardiovascular defects

c. Anemia

d. Urinary tract abnormalities

e. Infection

f. Twinning


5. The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities as an etiology for non-immune hydrops decreases the earlier non-immune hydrops is detected.

a. True

b. False

6. Non-immune hydrops is more common with left-sided congenital heart defects.

a. True

b. False

 

7.  The most sensitive sonographic marker for anemia as the etiology for Non-immune hydrops is:

a. Cardiomegaly

b. Hepatomegaly

c. Ascites

d. The peak systolic velocity in the middle cerebral artery

e. Triscuspid regurgitation

 

8. In monochorionic twins, which statements are correct:

   1. The donor may develop non-immune hydrops.
   2. The recipient may develop non-immune hydrops
   3. A thick 1st trimester nuchal translucency has been associated with twin-to-twin transfusion and subsequent non-immune hydrops

a. 1,2

b. 2,3

c. All of the above

9. The work-up of non-immune hydrops may include:

   1. Multi-vessel Doppler studies
   2. An extended fetal anatomic survey to look for anomalies
   3. Amniocentesis
   4. Fetal blood sampling

a. 1,2,3

b. 2,3,4

c. All of the above

10. Potential fetal therapies for non-immune hydrops include:

   1. Pleuro-amniotic shunt
   2. Maternal drug therapy for a fetal tachyarrhythmia
   3. Intrauterine transfusion
   4. Radiofrequency ablation of an umbilical cord

a. 2,3

b. 1,2,3

c. 2,3,4

d. All of the above

 


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